Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by and Isolated from Contaminated Soil

Authors

1 Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) cause many significant ecological problems because of their low degradability, high harmfulness, and solid bioaccumulation.Two bacterial strains were isolated from soil that had been polluted with electrical transformer liquid for more than 40 years. The isolates were distinguished as Lysinibacillus macrolides DSM54Tand Bacillus firmus NBRC15306Tthrough 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.This is the primary report of an agent of the genus Bacillus firmus equipped for the removal of PCBs. The strains could develop broadly on 2-Chlorobiphenyl and 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl. GC/MS analysis of individual congeners revealed up to 80% degradation of the xenobiotics in 96h, attendant with cell proliferation of up to two orders of extent. More extensive investigation of the isolates may be helpful in surveying detoxification forms and in planning bioremediation and bioaugmentation strategies.

Keywords


1. Borja, J., Taleon, D.M., Auresenia, J. and Gallardo, S., "Polychlorinated biphenyls and their biodegradation", Process Biochemistry, Vol. 40, No. 6, (2005), 1999-2013.
632 A. Samadi et al. / IJE TRANSACTIONS B: Applications Vol. 32, No. 5, (May 2019) 628-633
2. Young-Cheol Chang, K.T., DuBok Choi, Tadashi Toyama, Ken Sawada, Shintaro Kikuchi, "Isolation of biphenyl and polychlorinatedbiphenyl-degrading bacteria and their degradation pathway", Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 170, No. 2, (2013), 381–398.
3. Katarı´a Dercova´, J.C.m., Petra Lovecka´, Katerˇina Demnerova´, Martina Mackova´,Pavel Hucko, Patrik Kusˇnı´r, "Isolation and identification of pcb-degrading microorganisms from contaminated sediments", International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Vol. 62, No. 3, (2008), 219–225.
4. Ashrafosadat Hatamian-Zarmi, S.A.S., Ebrahim Vasheghani-Farahani, Saman Hosseinkhani, Abdolrahman Emamzadeh, "Extensive biodegradation of highly chlorinated biphenyl and aroclor 1242 by pseudomonas aeruginosa tmu56 isolated from contaminated soils", International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Vol. 63, No.6, (2009), 788–794.
5. Bibi Fatemeh Nabavi, M.N., Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Maryam Hatamzadeh, "Isolation and identification of aerobic polychlorinated biphenyls degrading bacteria", International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 1, (2013).
6. A. Lekomtsev, K.V., D. Martyushev, "Performance evaluation of oily waste treatment technology", International Journal of Engineering, Transactions C: Aspects Vol. 31 , No. 3, (2018), 511-515.
7. Z. Ghobadi Nejad, M.B., S Yaghmaei, "Effect of polyethylene glycol and triton x-100 on the enzymatic treatment of bisphenol a", International Journal of Engineering, Vol. 31, No. 11, (2018), 1816-1823.
8. M. Sakai, S.E., N. Suzuki, R. Kurane, "Isolation and characterization of a novel polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium, paenibacillus sp. Kbc101", Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology, Vol. 68, No. 1, (2005), 111–116.
9. Nwinyi, O., "Degradation of askarel (pcb blend) by indigenous aerobic bacteria isolates from dumpsites in ore, ondo state.Nigeria", Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 8, (2010), 3938-3948.
10. Isabel Sierra, J.L.V., M. Luisa Marina, Fernando Laborda, "Study of the biodegradation process of polychlorinated biphenyls in liquid medium and soil by a new isolated aerobic bacterium (Janibacter sp.)", Chemosphere, Vol. 53, No. 6, (2003), 609–618.
11. Hangjun Zhang, X.J., Liping Lu, Wenfeng Xiao, "Biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) by the novel identified cyanobacterium anabaena pd-1", PLOS One, Vol. 10, No. 7, (2015) e0131450.
12. Josephine Borja, D.M.T., Joseph Auresenia, Susan Gallardo, "Polychlorinated biphenyls and their biodegradation", Process Biochemistry, Vol. 40, No. 6, (2005), 1999–2013.
13. Benoit Guilbeault, M.S., Darakhshan Ahmad, Michel Sylvestre, "Factors affecting the enhancement of pcb degradative ability of
soil microbial populations", International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Vol.33, No. 1, (1994), 73-91.
14. Brunner, Walter, Fain H. Sutherland, and Dennis D. Focht. "Enhanced Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Soil by Analog Enrichment and Bacterial Inoculation " Journal of Environmental Quality Vol. 14, No. 3 (1985): 324-328.
15. Roman Tandlicha, B.B., Katarı́na Dercová, "The effect of terpenes on the biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls by pseudomonas stutzeri", Chemosphere, Vol. 44, No. 7, (2001), 1547-1555.
16. A. Fararooei, S.A., M. Noshadi, S.M. Taghavi, A. Niazi, "Isolation of aroclor1254 degrading bacteria in contaminated soil by transformer oil", Iran Agricultural Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, (2016), 27-34.
17. Sunday A. Adebusoye, F.W.P., Matthew O. Ilori, Olukayode O. Amund, Clay Fuqua, Nathan Grindle, "Growth on dichlorobiphenyls with chlorine substitution on each ring by bacteria isolated from contaminated african soils", Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, Vol. 74, No. 2, (2007), 484–492.
18. Winniczuk, P. P., and M. E. Parish. "Minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials against micro-organisms related to citrus juice." Food Microbiology Vo; 14, No. 4 (1997): 373-381. 19. Marmur, Julius. "A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms." Journal of Molecular Biology Vol. 3, No. 2 (1961): 208-218.
20. Stephen F. Altschul, T.L.M., Alejandro A. Schäffer, Jinghui Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Webb Miller, David J. Lipman, "Gapped blast and psi-blast: A new generation of protein database search programs", Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 25, No. 17, (1997), 3389–3402. 21. Kim, Ok-Sun, Yong-Joon Cho, Kihyun Lee, Seok-Hwan Yoon, Mincheol Kim, Hyunsoo Na, Sang-Cheol Park et al. "Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol. 62, No. 3 (2012): 716-721.
22. Miller, E.W.M.a.W., "Optimal alignments in linear space", Computer Applications in the Biosciences, Vol. 4, No. 1, (1988), 11-17.
23. Fergus G. Priest, M.G., Carole Todd, "A numerical classification of the genus bacillus", Journal of General Microbiology, Vol. 134, No. 7, (1988), 1847-1188.
24. Eweis, J.B., Ergas, S.J., Chang, D.P.Y. and Schroeder, E.D., "Bioremediation principles, Maidenhead, McGraw-Hill Book Company Europe, (1998).
25. Sunday Adekunle Adebusoye, F.W.P., Matthew O. Ilori, Olukayode O. Amund, "Influence of chlorobenzoic acids on the growth and degradation potentials of pcb-degrading microorganisms", World Journal of Microbi