2024-03-28T23:24:18Z
https://www.ije.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11475
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Comparison of Single- site and Multi-site Based Calibrations of SWAT in Taleghan Watershed, Iran
hamzeh
noor
Calibration of model is critical for hydrologic modeling of large watersheds in a mountain watershed. In this study Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) used to comparison a single-site calibration procedure that employed streamflow measurement at outlet of watershed to a multi-site calibration method that used streamflow measurements at three stations (Galinak, Joestan and Dehdar). Results showed that the single-site calibration was able to sufficiently simulate the streamflow for total stations (NS: 0.66–0.81). Results of multi-site calibration method also, shows slightly improve in total stations, whereas it was improved in upper stations i.e. Joestan and Dehdar (NS: 0.70–0.82). But, in validation period, there were clearly apparent differences between the simulated results provided by multi-site and the single-site calibration methods. The results of this study showed that the multi-site calibration method has better calibration of SWAT in Taleghan watershed and generally has advantages to the single-site calibration
multi
site evaluation
Taleghan watershed
Distributed Hydrologic Model
SWAT
2014
11
01
1645
1652
https://www.ije.ir/article_72405_ba000871b05752f49bd5f7aabad03ca5.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
A Closed Loop Control of Quadratic Boost Converter Using PID Controller
deepa
somasundaram
SAMUEL
BABU
This paper presents an implementation of open loop and closed loop control of Quadratic boost converter using PID controller. Quadratic boost converter consists of boost converter and fly back converter driven by a single switch. Quadratic boost converter QBC is designed especially for regulating the DC interface between various micro sources and dc-ac inverter to electricity grid. Quadratic boost converter,P,PI and PID controller are modeled, compared and evaluated by MATLAB simulations. It has been found that the transient and steady state performance is improved by using PID controller. This converter achieves high step-up voltage gain with appropriate duty ratio and low voltage stress on the power switch. The simulated open loop and closed loop performance is verified experimentally.
Quadratic boost converter QBC
PID Controller
coupled inductor
highstep
up voltage gain
Renewable energy systems
2014
11
01
1653
1662
https://www.ije.ir/article_72406_28b44f684b78fc6e62ad6b5c2f64ea60.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Redundancy Allocation Problem of a System with Three-state Components: A Genetic Algorithm (RESEARCH NOTE)
Arash
Zaretalab
S.T.A.
Niaki
Mani
Sharifi
Pedram
Pourkarim Guilani
The redundancy allocation is one of the most important and useful problems in system optimization, especially in electrical and mechanical systems. The object of this problem is to maximize system reliability or availability within a minimum operation cost. Many works have been proposed in this area so far to draw the problem near to real-world situations. While in classic models the system components are assumed to have two states of working and failed, in this paper, parallel components of serial sub-systems are considered to work in three states, each with a certain performance rate. The component states are classified into two working states of working with full performance and working with half performance, and a failed state. Besides, technical and organizational activities are considered to improve the performance of the components as well as the sub-systems. As the problem belongs to the class of NP-Hard, a genetic algorithm is utilized to solve it.
Reliability
multi
State systems
Redundancy allocation problem
Three
state components
Genetic Algorithm
2014
11
01
1663
1672
https://www.ije.ir/article_72407_44b479a383bc29b777fa2a38fc77501a.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
A New Compromise Decision-making Model based on TOPSIS and VIKOR for Solving Multi-objective Large-scale Programming Problems with a Block Angular Structure under Uncertainty
S.M.
Mousavi
Meghdad
Salimi
This paper proposes a compromise model, based on a new method, to solve the multi-objective large-scale linear programming (MOLSLP) problems with block angular structure involving fuzzy parameters. The problem involves fuzzy parameters in the objective functions and constraints. In this compromise programming method, two concepts are considered simultaneously. First of them is that the optimal alternative is closer to fuzzy positive ideal solution (FPIS) and farther from fuzzy negative ideal solution (FNIS). Second of them is that the proposed method provides a maximum ‘‘group utility’’ for the ‘‘majority’’ and a minimum of an individual regret for the ‘‘opponent’’. In proposed method, the decomposition algorithm is utilized to reduce the large-dimensional objective space. A multi objective identical crisp linear programming derived from the fuzzy linear model for solving the problem. Then, a compromise solution method is applied to solve each sub problem based on TOPSIS and VIKOR simultaneously. Finally, to illustrate the proposed method, an illustrative example is provided.
VIKOR
Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
Multi Objective decision making (MODM)
multi objective large
scale linear programming (MOLSLP)
block angular structure
fuzzy positive ideal solution (FPIS)
farther from fuzzy negative ideal solution (FN
2014
11
01
1673
1680
https://www.ije.ir/article_72408_481d74a4d058bd2beab91233cf2e96a6.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
A Novel Continuous KNN Prediction Algorithm to Improve Manufacturing Policies in a VMI Supply Chain
Hasan
Khademi Zare
Yahia
Yahia Mehrjerdi
Mohsen
Akhbari Varkani
A.
Makui
This paper examines and compares various manufacturing policies which manufacturer may adopt so as to improve the performance of a vendor managed inventory (VMI) partnership. The goal is to maximize the combined cumulative profit of supply chain while minimizing relevant inventory management costs. The supply chain is a two-level system with a single manufacturer and single retailer at each level, in which the manufacturer takes the responsibility of overall inventories of supply chain. A base system dynamics (SD) simulation model is first employed to describe the dynamic interactions between the variables and parameters of manufacturer and retailer under VMI. Then, the mentioned policies are constructed using the base SD model that lead us to differentiate the behavior supply chain for each policies within a same duration of time. In this paper, we use continuous K-nearest neighbor (CKNN) as one of the instance-based learning methodologies to predict the best manufacturing rates. This algorithm effectively increases the combined profit of supply chain in comparison with other two policies. Accordingly, a numerical example along with a number of sensitivity analyses is conducted to evaluate the performance of mentioned policies.
Vendor managed Inventory
Continuous K
Nearest Neighbor
Learning
system dynamics
2014
11
01
1681
1690
https://www.ije.ir/article_72409_df33dfb7a5a15b18adcd6da7b4f24e68.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Development of Clay Foam Ceramic as a Support for Fungi Immobilization to Biodiesel Production (RESEARCH NOTE)
mona
khalili
Farzane
Zamani
Biodiesel is an attractive alternative fuel because of its nontoxicity and biodegradability properties. Biodiesel is produced through transesterification of vegetable oils’ triglyceride. It is obtained from vegetable oils or fats either by chemical or enzyme-catalyzed transesterification with methanol or ethanol. By using whole-cell biocatalyst immobilized within biomass support particles (BSPs) can overcome the obstacle of enzymatic catalyst high cost. The object of this research is to produce clay foam ceramic as BSP by replica method from raw materials such as clay, sodium silicate and sodium tripolyphosphate. To prepare the whole cell biocatalyst the Rhizopus Oryzae fungi (PTCC 5174) was immobilized on the ceramic foam with bulk density and porosity of 0.3 g/cm3 and 88.8%, respectively. The deposited biomass on clay foam particles can be observed through scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). A packed-bed reactor (PBR) system using whole-cell biocatalyst was developed for biodiesel production by pretreated used cooking oil (UCO). Clay foam ceramic seems to be more suitable with respect to polyurethane foam for supporting fungi immobilization because it shows high mechanical strength and reduces damaged microorganisms.
Biodiesel
Clay foam ceramic
Whole cell biocatalyst
Packed
Bed Reactor
Transesterification
2014
11
01
1691
1696
https://www.ije.ir/article_72410_6fce1a68db2621a7831ff27cb13f45e1.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Novel Amine Modified Nanoporous SBA-15 Sorbent for the Removal of H2S from Gas Streams in the Presence of CH4 (RESEARCH NOTE)
Mehdi
Babaei
Mansoor
Anbia
A new sorbent has been developed by grafting Hexamethylenetetramine on a mesoporous molecular sieve (SBA-15) by wet impregnation method. This sorbent (Hexamine/SBA-15) has been characterized using N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) at low angles (2θ°) and FT-IR. To investigate the H2S removal capacity of this adsorbent from CH4-containing gas mixtures, the breakthrough tests have been performed on a fixed-bed flow system. The results show that after the amine loading, hexamine is dispersed inside the mesochannels of mesoporous SBA-15. Effects of the amine loading and sorption temperature on the sorption behavior of this developed sorbent have also been studied. Increase of amine loading enhances the H2S sorption on this sorbent, while increase in temperature, both the breakthrough capacity (qb) and the saturation capacity (qs) decrease. High sorption capacity is observed at low temperature which provides a promoting effect in removal of H2S from gas mixtures streams on the developed Hexamine/SBA-15 sorbent. This developed sorbent is regenerated easily at 100°C, and shows very good stability. Therefore it can be effectively used for removing H2S from industrial gas stream.
Hexamine based sorbent
Adsorbent regeneration
2014
11
01
1697
1704
https://www.ije.ir/article_72411_739f192c135a97b77042f298884a8e53.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Elimination Back Gouging Operation in Submerged Arc Welding Butt without Chamfers ASTM A516 (TECHNICAL NOTE)
mohsen
saleh fard
ebrahim
heshmat dehkordi
ahmad
jaberi
Submerged arc welding is used widely in oil and gas industry construction for storage tanks, pressure vessels, shipbuilding and etc. One of the processes of submerged arc welding is back gouging operations. This paper presents a way to remove the back gouging operation from the submerged arc welding process. For this purpose, effects of submerged arc welding parameters onA516-70steel sample were investigated. 16 and18mm thickness sheets without chamfering were prepared and by choosing the best parameters welded from face and back. Also the effects of stress-relief heat treatment and preheat were investigated. Microstructure and mechanical properties were in standard situation and shows the performance of this project. Removing the back gouging operation significantly reduced the cost, time and also reduced noise and environment pollution in submerged arc welding process. With eliminating back gouging practice few observed an 80% decrease in costs and also decrease in environmental and acoustic pollutions.
ASTM A516
70 steel
submerged arc welding
back gouging
preheat
Heat treatment
2014
11
01
1705
1712
https://www.ije.ir/article_72412_8e0b0f6eebbaa64947ae870ef209741d.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
An Investigation of Temperature Effects on Solar Photovoltaic Cells and Modules
Lakshmi
Ponnusamy
Natarajan
E
dhass
desappan
The solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are facing serious problems due to unavoidable losses in their system, leads to more devation of output power from the input power level. This effect is known as a mismatch effect and is available in PV systems. Many losses are encountered in PV system and it is difficult to minimize such losses. In this paper, the influence of thermal effect on the solar PV system is considered and its influence on the performance of the operation, fill factor, open circuit voltage, and short circuit current, band gap level of various semiconductor materials, output power and efficiency are analyzed. The temperature effect of a solar PV cell, while connecting in a 36 cells in a module is analyzed for the various connection configurations like Simple Series configuration (SS), Series-Parallel configuration (SP), Total-Cross Tied configuration (TCT), Bridge-Linked configuration (BL), and HoneyComb configuration (HC) using MATLAB software. Increases the level of temperature for various connection configurations, correspondingly decreases their open circuit voltage, series resistance. Shunt resistance and current are may not fully affects due to temperature. Finally this problem creates a heating effect in the solar PV cell, so the life span of the photovoltaic panel is decreased gradually. While increases the temperature level soldering points are affected and cell encapsulation is affects. Solar cell materials are changed their performance of operation,while changes in the band gap with the effect of temperature.
Solar Cell
Temperature
connection configuration of solar cell
Losses
MATLAB software
2014
11
01
1713
1722
https://www.ije.ir/article_72413_4580cfbf653711b1be33c46f3737b58f.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Experimental Detection of Composite Delamination Damage based on Ultrasonic Infrared Thermography
Qing
Wu
Youming
Wang
An experimental setup is designed to detect composite delamination damage based on ultrasonic infrared thermography. The ultrasonic infrared thermography system is composed by ultrasonic excitation system, infrared thermal imager and data acquisition system and two damaged composite plate specimens are produced in the experiment. The image processing methods including thresholding, filters, edge detection and morphological processing method are combined to analyze infrared thermal images and accurately identify the location and size of the delamination damage. The temperature changes of defective composites under different preload of ultrasonic excitation are analyzed and the experiments demonstrate that the ultrasonic detection has the effect of the selection of heating in the defective area of the composite. The experimental results come to the conclusion that the ultrasonic infrared thermography is an effective quantitative method to detect the composite delamination damage.
ultrasonic infrared thermography
delamination damage
composite plates
experimental detection
2014
11
01
1723
1730
https://www.ije.ir/article_72414_d36c80462ba68d39330b3627bcb5e40e.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Method for Elasto-Static Analysis of Thick-Walled Isotropic Laminated Cylinders
Ahmad
Bagheri
Gholam Hossein
Baradaran
Mohammad Javad
Mahmoodabadi
In this paper, one of the simplest and most regular members of the family of the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) methods; namely MLPG5, is applied to analyze the thick-walled isotropic laminated cylinders under elasto-static pressure. A novel simple technique is proposed to eliminate a very important difficulty of the meshless methods to deal with material discontinuities regarding to the high continuity of their shape functions. The Moving Least Squares (MLS) approximation is used for constructing the trial functions, and a simple Heaviside step function is chosen for the test function. The direct interpolation method is employed to impose the essential boundary conditions. Acceptable agreements with the analytical solutions and finite element method results are obtained specially at the material discontinuity boundaries, which suggest its application in other classes of problems.
Meshless Local Petrov
Galerkin (MLPG)
Moving Least Squares (MLS)
Material Discontinuity
Thick
Walled Laminated Cylinders
2014
11
01
1731
1740
https://www.ije.ir/article_72415_390abc314f8638408e9c28b6cda1a1f3.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Effect of Redmud Particulates on Mechanical Properties of BFRP Composites (TECHNICAL NOTE)
arumugaprabu
veerasimman
uthayakumar
m
manikandan
v
This article reports the effective usage of redmud(RM) an industrial waste ,as a novel filler in polymer matrix. The composite has been fabricated with redmud as secondary reinforcement in banana fiber reinforced polyester (BFRP) using compression molding technique. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength have been studied for different fiber weight percentage, weight percentage of red mud and chemical treatment of fiber. It is observed that the addition of 10 wt percent of redmud improves the impact and flexural properties for both silane treated and untreated banana fiber but there is a decreased trend for tensile strength. It is also found that banana fiber particulate composites have superior mechanical properties than the banana/polyester. Addition of redmud to the banana fiber decreases the moisture absorption of the composites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies have been done to know the fracture mechanism.
Redmud (RM)
Banana Fiber
Polyester Resin
Mechanical properties
SEM
2014
11
01
1741
1750
https://www.ije.ir/article_72416_48b3a49307545816f643a9220d291f04.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
An Investigate on Power, Torque and Exhaust Gas Emission Variation: Effect of Hydroxy Gas Addition to Inlet Air of a SI Engine
Mohammad Javad
Ghomashi
Hydrogen has been known as a clean and suitable fuel to replace conventional fossil fuels. One of the common hydrogen production methods is using water electrolysis process. This method produces oxygen as well as hydrogen by ratio of 1:2. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of inlet air enrichment by adding produced hydrogen and oxygen to an internal combustion engine. For this purpose, an electrolysis system consisting of four cells have been built and the produced gas mixture was transferred to the inlet manifold of the engine via a rubber hose. The experimental results show that adding hydrogen and oxygen to the inlet air under the full load can cause reduction in CO and HC by 21% and 19% respectively, and increases power and torque by 5.5% under similar condition.
Electrolysis
hydrogen
Hydroxy
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
2014
11
01
1751
1756
https://www.ije.ir/article_72417_773a1de75b05cb0b9f8efb202ec5d2cc.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Controlling the Power Output and Combustion Phasing in an HCCI Engine
Mohsen
Nazoktabar
In development of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, simultaneous control of combustion phasing and power output has been a major challenge. In this study, a new strategy is developed to control the engine power output and combustion phasing at any desired operating condition. A single zone thermodynamic model coupled to a full kinetic mechanism of Primary Reference Fuels (PRFs) is developed to predict characteristic parameters such as; Start of Combustion (SOC) and Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) and also thermodynamic constant parameters for processes through an HCCI engine cycle. A dynamic interactive control model has been developed for the entire cycle of a HCCI engine to predict combustion phasing and IMEP.The results derived from the developed model are validated against experimental data for a single cylinder Ricardo engine. A two input - two output controller is then designed to track crank angle at which 50% of in cylinder fuel mass is burned (CA50) and IMEP by adjusting the input data. In this study two control models are presented; open loop and closed loop. Performance of the controller is tested on a physical HCCI engine model to evaluate the tracking performance and disturbance rejection properties. Results indicate that the designed controller is capable to accurately track both CA50 and IMEP while can reject the disturbances from variations in the engine speed and the intake manifold temperature.
HCCI engine control
Two Input Two Output Controller
Fuel Rate & Phi Inputs
IMEP & CA50 Outputs
2014
11
01
1757
1766
https://www.ije.ir/article_72418_1407e2c25eec6e123d0bf44606fe0d71.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Physical Modeling of a Hybrid Wind Turbine-solar Panel System Using Simscape Language (RESEARCH NOTE)
saka
abdelmjid
elhaini
jamila
Being sustainable and producing little waste products, the renewable energy knows a rapid deployment. Unfortunately, the intermittent characteristic of these energies makes them difficult to control. The influence of this aleatory character can be reduced with the coupling of two or more sources of renewable energy and secondly with a sound management of storage systems. This new configuration of production and energy management is the target of our research. The objective of this paper is to construct a model of a multi-sources system feeding a domestic house with the multi-physics approach which enables us to model, simulate and control all components and subsystems in our system consisting of wind turbine, solar panel and storage system with battery. This system feeds a domestic house. To achieve this objective, firstly, a system description is presented. Secondly, a SIMSCAPE model for the multisource system is developed in the MATLAB/SIMSCAPE software. Finally, results are derived from simulations.
multi
physic system
multisource system
Wind Turbine
Photovoltaic Panel
Battery
SIMSCAPE
2014
11
01
1767
1776
https://www.ije.ir/article_72419_aa27dcd337dd35d9429b2830cbe7ef0f.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Stabilization and Walking Control for a Simple Passive Walker Using Computed Torque Method (RESEARCH NOTE)
Masoumeh
Safartoobi
Mohammad
Hassan Ghasemi
Morteza
Dardel
Abstract The simple passive dynamic walker can walk down a shallow downhill slope with no external control or energy input. Nevertheless, the period-one gait stability is only possible over a very narrow range of slopes. Since the passive gaits are extremely sensitive to slope angles, it is important to use a control strategy in order to achieve a wide range of stable walking. The computed torque method is proposed here to produce stable period-one gait cycles for different slopes. In this present method, the unstable walking gait is stabilized by a stable period-one gait pattern on a small specific slope. The proposed approach is illustrated by the simplest passive walkers with point and curved feet. Simulation results reveal the usefulness of this control method for improvement in stability properties of the models.
Keywords Passive dynamic walker
Walking Robot
Computed Torque
stable period
one gait
2014
11
01
1777
1786
https://www.ije.ir/article_72420_b2a61d58521af6d2df8d987d6a83b7cf.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Fixture Design Automation and Optimization Techniques: Review and Future Trends
Awaludin
Mohamed Shaharoun
heidar
hashemi
Izman
Sudin
Fixture design is crucial part of manufacturing process. Fixture design is a critical design activity process, in which automation plays an integral role in linking computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD). This paper presents a literature review in computer aided fixture design (CAFD) in terms of automation and optimization techniques over the past decades. First, the reason behind necessity of automated fixture design is stated. According to the degree of automation, fixture design methods are then categorized based on significant work done in the CAFD field. Regarding the need of automated fixture design systems, optimization techniques, which are mostly used for automated CAFD methods, are closely considered. The significant optimization techniques works are then studied in case of applications and working principle. At the end, the current weaknesses of the existing methods and the research fields, which require deeper studies as future trends, are presented as well.
Computer aided fixture design (CAFD)
Genetic algorithm (GA)
Finite element method (FEM)
Fixture design automation
2014
11
01
1787
1794
https://www.ije.ir/article_72421_b775203d025174162ecda4491447e543.pdf
International Journal of Engineering
IJE
1025-2495
1025-2495
2014
27
11
Physical Model Test and Numerical Simulation Study of Deformation Mechanism of Wall Rock on Open Pit to Underground Mining (RESEARCH NOTE)
Jianyi
Yuan
Chuanbo
Zhou
Dingbang
Zhang
This paper is based on the open pit to underground mining practice of Daye Iron Mine. The influence mechanism between high-steep slope and non-pillar sublevel caving method is studied by using physical model test. Firstly, engineering geological properties of the choosing typical research section is analysed and generalized. Secondly, the system of open pit to underground mining is developing according to the characteristics of model test. In the end, the open pit to underground mining model test is studied. The results of model test show that the total displacements and stresses of the model are increasing with the mining depth increasing, the wall rock stresses undergoes a process from dramatic change to slow change and finally show a tendency toward stabilization because of the disturbance of underground mining, the final failure of slopes and wall rock are limited in a small area nearing the ore body after underground mining.
Open
pit to underground
Model Test
influence mechanism
high
steep slope
underground mining
2014
11
01
1795
1802
https://www.ije.ir/article_72422_8455d0d8851f2adb0a6f44e9748d61ae.pdf