@article { author = {Rezaei, S. and Mohammadi, M. and Najafpour, G. D. and Moghadamnia, A. and Kazemi, S. and Nikzad, M.}, title = {Separation of Curcumin from Curcuma longa L. and its Conjugation with Silica Nanoparticles for Anti-cancer Activities}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1803-1809}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Curcumin is the natural bio-active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with known therapeutic properties; nevertheless, its biological applications are limited due to its poor bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, curcumin was conjugated with silica nanoparticles. Curcumin was separated from turmeric by microwave-assisted extraction and silica nanoparticles were developed from rice husk. Conjugation of curcumin with silica nanoparticles was performed through ultrasound-assisted wet impregnation. XRD, FTIR and UV-visible analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of the conjugate; the drug loading in the nanoparticle was 39% as determined by HPLC analysis. TEM and AFM analyses indicated the spherical morphology of the conjugate with average particle size of 85.9 nm. The cell killing activity of the conjugate was tested against HeLa, MCF-7 and Saos-2 cancer cell lines and normal fibroblast cell line using MTT assay. The silica:curcumin conjugate was effective for destruction of cancerous cells, especially HeLa cells, with minimum side effects on healthy fibroblasts.}, keywords = {curcumin,Silica Nanoparticles,bioavailability,anti,cancer activity}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_73282.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_73282_2a1ec834e5e4b23b60abc2b446968ded.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezazadeh, V. and Mohammadizadeh, M.}, title = {Effect of Carbon Nanotube and Surfactant on Processing, Mechanical, Electrical and EMI-Shielding of Epoxy Composites}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1810-1815}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Dispersing nanoparticles in a polymer matrix is intrinsically challenging due to unfavorable entropic interactions between the matrix and the nanoparticle. In this research dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrix was studied and the effect of dispersion on properties was investigated. The properties of polymer composite depend on the type, size, shape, concentration of nanoparticles, and interactions of polymer-nanaoparticle. The lack of compatibility between inorganic particles and polymer matrix limits the applications of produced nanocomposite. Due to incompatibility, the dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrix is very difficult. The epoxy/MWCNT composite was fabricated by solution mixing process. The effect of MWCNT and Amine-Functionalized surfactant, on curing process, EMI-shielding, mechanical and electrical properties of nanocomposite were investigated. Dispersion of MWCNT in solution was investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy. Curing behavior of nanocomposites at different MWCNT loadings was investigated. EMI-shielding of nanocomposite at different concentrations of MWCNT was studied and the results showed that MWCNT and ferric oxide improve absorption loss, reflection loss and shielding effectiveness. Effect of MWCNT inclusion on thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites was investigated. Finally, the electrical conductivity was measured using a two-point conductivity test method.}, keywords = {Carbon nanotubes,Electrical conductivity,Epoxy,Nanocomposite,Surfactant}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82226.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82226_8a4455a5cc542cd8f1a7fa37d63dbaa3.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghobadi Nejad, Z. and Borghei, S. M. and Yaghmaei, S.}, title = {Effect of Polyethylene Glycol and Triton X-100 on the Enzymatic Treatment of Bisphenol A}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1816-1823}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {The current study includes the screening of indigenous extracellular laccase producing fungus from the soil, identified as Phanerochaete chrysosporiumspecies.The selected strain was applied under the optimized condition for the production of  laccase in the solid state fermentation. The effect of polyethylene glycol and Triton X-100 on the enhancement of enzyme activity and biocatalytic removal of bisphenol A using laccase produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated at 40°C, initial laccase activity 3U/mL and initial bisphenol A concentration 2 mM after 3 h of treatment. Bisphenol A concentration was evaluated using a colorimetric assay in the presence of 4-AAP. The effect of PEG molecular weight on BPA removal was determined using PEG with a molecular weight between 1500 and 20000.The results showed that the addition of polyethylene glycol and Triton X-100 to the reaction mixture greatly increased the laccase activity and the residual enzyme activity, but no significant changes were found in the removal of bisphenol A. The maximum removal of BPA was obtained at pH 8.0 and 40° C in 90 mg/L of PEG-1500 and 50, 100 mg/L of PEG-6000, while laccase activity at all concentrations of PEG-1500 and 6000 increased.}, keywords = {Phanerochaete chrysosporium,Laccase,Bisphenol A,polyethylene glycol,Triton X-100}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82227.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82227_95ef621f93423ac72f9f904136c7c71a.pdf} } @article { author = {Jebadurai, S. V. S. and Tensing, D. and Hemalatha, G. and Siva, R.}, title = {Experimental Investigation of Toughness Enhancement in Cement Mortar}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1824-1829}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper presents the results of investigation carried out to improve the mechanical toughness of cement mortar. Toughness is a basic parameter which has to be improved in brick walls, concrete roads, machine foundations, dams etc. Materials fails due to an impact force and vibrations resulting in minor cracks and bonding failure between bricks, it leads to failure of the structure. In order to avoid the failure toughness has to be enhanced and this can be done by modifying the cement mortar. In this project recycled glass is used in the form of powder less than 45 µm as replacement of cement. Also natural rubber latex is added as 20% replacement of water. Three mortar mix are considered, namely 1:3, 1:4, 1:5. The compressive strength of mortar cubes, and flexural strength are done to determine the strength and toughness of the mortar. Results showed that fracture toughness increased to considerable amount.}, keywords = {glass powder,Natural Rubber Latex,Compressive strength,Flexural Strength}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82236.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82236_04a84a95f5c3aa3176ab0d292798a48d.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghannadiasl, A. and Khodapanah Ajirlou, S.}, title = {Dynamic Response of Multi-cracked Beams Resting on Elastic Foundation}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1830-1837}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cracks cause to change dynamic response of beams and make discontinuity in slope of the deflection of the beams. The dynamic analysis of the Euler-Bernoulli cracked beam on the elastic foundation subjected to the concentrated load is presented in this paper. The stiffness of the elastic foundation and elastic supports influence on vibrational characteristics of the cracked beam. The Dynamic Green Function is applied to solve the governing equation. Thus, the dynamic response of the cracked beam is determined by Laplace Transform method. The effects of depth and location of the crack on natural frequency and deflection of the cracked beam on an elastic foundation are evaluated. In order to demonstrate the capability of the present approach, several numerical examples are worked out and the results are discussed.}, keywords = {Crack,Multi-cracked Bea,Dynamic analysis,Elastic Boundary Condition,Elastic Foundation}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82237.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82237_98d04c2a4f0a498df623cec8a0b44bd1.pdf} } @article { author = {Tajamolian, M. and Ghasemzadeh, M.}, title = {A Versioning Approach to VM Live Migration}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1838-1845}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {In the context of virtual machines live migration, two strategies called “pre-copy” and “post-copy” have already been presented; but each of these strategies works well only in some circumstances. In this paper, we have a brief presentation of QAVNS and then introduce a new approach which is based on the concept of "informational object", assigning QAVNS-scheme-revision number, and observing the changes. In this approach, the total virtual machine memory is considered as a QAVNS informational object that is constantly changing. In this regard, we have defined some criteria and presented an algorithm by which the hypervisor can detect the current behavior of the virtual machine, and automatically select the virtual machine migration strategy from the two pre-copy and post-copy options. We evaluated the implementation & simulation platforms considering the state of the art available technologies, mostly CloudSim, SimGrid and DartCSim+. Formal analysis shows that applying the proposed scheme and the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the live migration process of virtual machines.}, keywords = {Virtual Machine Live Migration,Pre-Copy & Post-Copy,QAVNS,Quadruple Adaptive Version Numbering Scheme,Informational Object,cloud computing}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82238.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82238_592a99d1a5c6e0ff3a638f6f80903195.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharma, R. and Agarwal, R. and Dubey, A. K. and Arora, A.}, title = {Impact Analysis of Variation in Geometrical Features on Intrinsic Characteristics of Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducers}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1846-1851}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) are the ultrasonic devices which produce better features in contrast to piezoelectric transducers. The intrinsic parameter of CMUT varies with the variation in geometrical dimension of the device. The cavity height and the radius of the CMUT with circular membrane is varied in the lumped parallel plate model for its impact on the parameters. In this paper, analytical model of circular CMUTs is developed and analyzed by using the parallel-plate capacitor equations. The impact of geometrical changes has been discussed with the parametric analysis of deflection, capacitance, pull in voltage and pressure. The results discussed here will be more helpful in deciding the miniaturization limit of the CMUT prior to fabrication.}, keywords = {Geometrical Features,Intrinsic Characteristics,Membrane Materials,Pressure Intensity,Pull in Voltage,Ultrasonic Transducer}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82239.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82239_4b071cd42daf0df67e92946c969d2312.pdf} } @article { author = {Asghari, R. and Mozafari, S. B. and Amraee, T.}, title = {Delay-Scheduled Controllers for Inter-Area Oscillations Considering Time Delays}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1852-1861}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Unlike the existing views that was introduced the existence of delay caused by the transmission of wide area measurement system data (WAMS) into the controllers input of the power oscilation damping (POD) by communication networks as a reason for poor performance of the POD controllers. This paper shows that the presence of time delay in the feedback loop may improve the performance of a POD controller in reducing inter-area oscilations. In fact, in a situation where the design and implementation of a POD controller for an FACT device is not easy without delays, in order to compensate for the delay effectively. In this work, a delayed scheduling method to design POD controllers is proposed. At first modeling of power system with delay as a design parameter was established. Then, the power oscillation damping delay scheduling (PODDS) based on objective function of the spectral abscissa was designed and the sufficient condition about stability of the closed-loop system is given. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed control function and feasibility study, a four-machine power system for numerical simulation was used. The simulation results show that the controller designed in a wide range of delay changes decreases the power system oscilations without restricting SVC performance.}, keywords = {Delay Scheduling,Inter Area Oscilations,Maximum Convergence Rate,Time Delay System}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82240.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82240_5c859755450a9adae9a4f85b3834db3b.pdf} } @article { author = {Kazemi, S. and Ahmadzadeh, M. R.}, title = {DPML-Risk: An Efficient Algorithm for Image Registration}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1862-1869}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Targets and objects registration and tracking in a sequence of images play an important role in various areas. One of the methods in image registration is feature-based algorithm which is accomplished in two steps. The first step includes finding features of sensed and reference images. In this step, a scale space is used to reduce the sensitivity of detected features to the scale changes. Afterward, we attribute feature points that obtained in the first step, descriptions using brightness value around the feature points. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed based on Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints (BRISK) and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithms. The proposed algorithm uses the directional pattern to describe the edges which are around the keypoints. This pattern is perpendicular to the direction of keypoints which shows the direction of the edge and provides more useful information regarding brightness around the feature point to make descriptor vector. Furthermore, in the proposed algorithm, the output vector consists of multilevel values instead of binary values which means further useful information is involved in the descriptor vector. Also, levels of output vectors can be adjusted using a single parameter so that the processor with low computing ability can tune the output to a binary vector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more robust than the BRISK algorithm and the efficiency of the algorithm is about the same as BRISK algorithm.}, keywords = {feature detection,Binary Descriptor,Image Registration,Scale Invariant Feature Transform}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82241.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82241_cf18c0ed3066bbbc9f97ab7baf79e30d.pdf} } @article { author = {Almabouada, F. and Aiadi, K. E.}, title = {Experimental Study of a Flash-lamp Pumped Passively Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser Using Cr4+:YAG Saturable Absorber}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1870-1875}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper deals with the experimental results of a xenon flash-lamp pumped passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser using Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber. The need of a laser cavity to be integrated into a time-of-flight laser range finder is of great interest as an experimental investigation of several laser resonators. Two types of laser resonator, with different lengths, have been studied: the flat-flat and plano-concave ones. Each laser cavity consisted of a flat output coupler, characterized by its reflectivity, and combined with a high reflectivity mirror, allowed the observation of the laser output characteristics. It has been demonstrated that the radius of curvature, of the high reflectivity mirror, is of great importance in determining the best laser performances. The best results were achieved using a flat-flat cavity of 18.5 cm in length, electrical pump energy of 21 J, and an output coupler reflectivity of 50%. The output laser energy was 28.4 mJ for a pulse width of 38 ns. Multiple laser pulses were also obtained, by increasing the electrical pump energy or through adjusting the laser resonator alignment.}, keywords = {Nd:YAG Laser,Cr4+::YAG Saturable Absorber,Passively Q-switched Laser,Laser Range Finder}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82242.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82242_d9cfe7c6a2c92ee991db0fcd5b15b8a7.pdf} } @article { author = {Yektaniroumand, T. and Niaz Azari, M. and Gholami, M.}, title = {Optimal Rotor Fault Detection in Induction Motor Using Particle-Swarm Optimization Optimized Neural Network}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1876-1882}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study examined and presents an effective method for detection of failure of conductor bars in the winding of rotor of induction motor in low load conditions using neural networks of radial-base functions. The proposed method used Hilbert method to obtain the stator current signal push. The frequency and signal amplitude of the push stator were used as the input of the neural network and the network outputs were rotor fault state, and the number of conductive bars with broken fault. Moreover, particle-swarm optimization algorithm was used to determine the optimal network weights and neuron penetration radius in the neural network. The results obtained from the proposed method showed the optimal and efficient performance of the method in detecting conductive bars broken fault in induction motor in low load conditions.}, keywords = {fault detection,Induction motor,Hilbert transform,Neural Network,Particle-Swarm Optimization}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82243.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82243_dafb1ac9c0e160061d12b134e6fe0966.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammadzadeh Bazarchi, S. and Abbaspour Sani, E.}, title = {Design and Simulation of Hot Cathode Ionization Vacuum Gauge with no X-Ray Limitations}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1883-1892}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {In this paper, the MEMS type ionization gauge with no X-Ray limitations has been presented. Having the dimensions of 2.4 mm× 0.8mm × 1.4 mm, the designed gauge is 9000 times smaller than the conventional type and can operate in HV and UHV pressures up to 5×10-9 torr. Operating at the temperature of 750°C, the cathode of proposed gauge is implemented using nickel and works in a way in which its temperature, independent of the peripheral gas pressure, remains constant throughout it. The total power consumption of the designed scheme is 430 times less than the conventional type. The electrical, thermal, mechanical, ionization collisions and elastic collisions have been performed using COMSOL5 program, and the output data from COMSOL were analyzed by MATLAB. The simulation results have been employed in implementation of cathode and other parts’ dimensions and based on these results the sensitivity factor of 0.2 1/torr was obtained.}, keywords = {MEMS Ionization Gauge,MEMS Vacuum Sensor,Hot Cathode Ion Gauge,Vacuum Pressure Sensor,Ion Gauge X-Ray Limitations}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82244.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82244_db321d6850b2adc9dec823c045de8ac0.pdf} } @article { author = {Niaboli Guilani, M. and Ardeshir, G.}, title = {A New Analog-based LO Harmonic Rejection Technique with Tunable Notch Frequency}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1893-1902}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {An effective technique for mixer LO harmonic rejection in a SAW-less wideband receiver front-end is proposed. The proposed technique provides a tunable notch that can be placed at any frequency like mixer LO harmonics, to avoid the aliasing in baseband after mixing. An analog LC notch is used in a cascode transconductor, and it can reject one of the 3rd or 5th harmonics. This notch frequency is tunable using the bond wire inductors or fixed Gyrator-C active inductor, and a capacitor array, without any significant Power/Area overhead on overall system. Since the accurate value of inductance is not clear, a calibration circuit is proposed to tune this LC notch. This tuning phase runs in forground, and consumes very low additional power. This technique is used in a wideband receiver front-end. Post-layout simulation in 130nm CMOS results in an average 3rd harmonic rejection ratio of 36 dB. The overall circuit consums 34mW power and a has a noise figure of 3.4dB at 1GHz frequency.}, keywords = {fault detection,Induction motor,Hilbert transform,Neural Network,Particle-Swarm Optimization}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82245.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82245_79c0647b5c3d2c4539e764ed57605832.pdf} } @article { author = {Javadi, M. and Miar-Naimi, H. and Hosseini-Andargoli, S. M.}, title = {A Modified Noise Analysis of a Common Source ̶ Common Gate Low Noise Transconductance Amplifier for Sub-micron Technologies}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1903-1909}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper is based on analysis of a common source - common gate low noise transconductance amplifier (CS-CG LNTA). Conventional noise analyses equations are modified by considering to the low output impedance of the sub-micron transistors and also, parasitic gate-source capacitance. The calculated equations are more accurate than calculated equations in other works. Also, analyses show that the noise of the tail transistor, which is utilized to bias the common gate transistor, will limit noise canceling advantages. So, the common gate transistor is biased by a resistor. That leads to a significant improvement in noise figure. By utilizing a Taylor series expression, a closed-form equation is obtained to calculate IIA3 for the first time. Finally, based on the calculated equation a design procedure is proposed.}, keywords = {Low Noise Amplifier,Low Noise Trans-conductance Amplifier,Noise canceling LNTA,Surface Acoustic Wave -less receiver,Wideband receiver}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82246.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82246_bd66b41c4caa9191d1e5b05d127b1f46.pdf} } @article { author = {Mavaddati, S.}, title = {Rice Classification and Quality Detection Based on Sparse Coding Technique}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1910-1917}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Classification of various rice types and determination of its quality is a major issue in the scientific and commercial fields associated with modern agriculture. In recent years, various image processing techniques are used to identify different types of agricultural products. There are also various color and texture-based features in order to achieve the desired results in this area. In this paper, the problem of rice categorization and quality detection using compressive sensing concepts is considered. This issue includes sparse representation and dictionary learning techniques to achieve over-complete models and represent the structural content of rice variety. Also, dictionaries are learned in such a way to have the least coherence values to each other. The results of the proposed classifier based on the learned models are compared with the results obtained from the neural network and support vector machine classifiers. Simulation results show that the proposed method based on the combinational features is able to identify the type of rice grain and determine its quality with high accuracy rate.}, keywords = {Rice Classification,Quality Detection,Compressive Sensing,Dictionary Learning,Neural Network}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82247.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82247_c34ece399af69e289ee81c086d10406f.pdf} } @article { author = {Mirmohammadi, S. H. and Sahraeian, R.}, title = {A Novel Sustainable Closed-loop Supply Chain Network Design by Considering Routing and Quality of Products}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1918-1928}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {One of the strategic decisions that can be made in supply chain is designing its network which has high impact on costs, and satisfaction level of customers. This paper focuses on designing a distribution network including determining the number and location of facilities, how to allocate the customers in network, and also determining the extent of carrying different products from different origins to different destinations; in this distribution network, according to the existing restrictions, customer demand is considered at minimum cost. In addition to secondary chain and reuse market as a retrieval option, model flexibility in defining quality and routing-locating is also among the innovation points of the model. Firstly, in forward chain the model consists of supplier, manufacturer, warehouse, distributor, and customer. In reverse chain, the model includes reuse market, secondary supply chain, collection, reprocess and disposal centers. The model could be generalized to industries with various strategies. Secondly, a sensitivity analysis was performed on a numerical example; also the non-dominated sorting algorithm (NSGA II) was used for a large-sized sample; which its performance was measured by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The results show that, returned products with average quality lead to lower costs and higher social benefits; and meta-heuristic NSGA II method is efficient. Because, it creates business opportunities and leads to less economic and environmental costs.}, keywords = {Sustainable Closed-loop Supply Chain,Routing and Location Problem,Transportation,Segmentation of Returned Products}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82248.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82248_8f3cd67d375ea70695630948fbcd1ffb.pdf} } @article { author = {Kazazi Darani, S. and Bashiri, M.}, title = {A Multi-district Asset Protection Problem with Time Windows for Disaster Management}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1929-1934}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {One of the most important goals of disaster management teams is to protect the assets and infrastructures of the community in the event of accidents such as wildfires and floods. This issue requires appropriate operations of all disaster management teams and analysis of available information for suitable decision making and consequently timely response. A mixed integer mathematical model is presented and solved for allocating resources to different districts to protect more assets in an available time. The proposed model tries to protect more valuable assets in pre-determined districts with optimized team allocation strategy. Finally, for validating the model, a numerical example is solved with an exact method and the results of various sensitivity analyses have been reported. The computational results indicate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed model in real conditions comparing to existing classic models.}, keywords = {Disaster Management,Response Phase,Asset Protection,Multi-Districting,mixed integer programming}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82249.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82249_1b4c923e3fd1d79d9daaa23d6baea710.pdf} } @article { author = {Karimi, B. and Bashiri, M. and Nikzad, E.}, title = {Multi-commodity Multimodal Splittable Logistics Hub Location Problem with Stochastic Demands}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1935-1942}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study presents a multimodal hub location problem which has the capability to split commodities by limited-capacity hubs and transportation systems, based on the assumption that demands are stochastic for multi-commodity network flows. In the real world cases, demands are random over the planning horizon and those which are partially fulfilled, are lost. Thus, the present study handles demands using a discrete chance constraint programming to make the model one step closer to the reality. On the other hand, commodity splitting makes it possible for the remaining portion of commodity flow to be transported by another hub or transportation system in such a way that demands are completely fulfilled as much as possible. The problem decides on the optimum location of hubs, allocates spokes to established hubs efficiently, adopts and combines transportation systems and then makes a right decision as to whether transportation infrastructure to be built at points lacking a suitable transportation infrastructure and having the potential for infrastructure establishment. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is formulated with the aim of cost minimization. Also, the proposed sensitivity analysis shows that, the discrete chance constraint programming is a good approximation of the continuous chance constraint programming when an uncertain parameter follows a normal distribution.  The results indicate the higher accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model comparing with other models presented in the literature.}, keywords = {Capacitated Hub Location,multimodal transport,Multi-commodity,Splittable,Discrete Chance Constraint}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82250.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82250_01c98b8ee5aaabc312d72d5bed9bc98b.pdf} } @article { author = {Amin-Tahmasbi, H. and Hami, M.}, title = {Optimization of a Bi-objective Scheduling for Two Groups of Experienced and Inexperienced Distribution Staff Based on Capillary Marketing}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1943-1952}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Developing an appropriate plan for distribution department is significant because of its influence on company's other costs and customers' satisfaction. In this study, a new bi-objective mix-integer linear programming model developed for scheduling two groups of experienced and inexperienced distribution staff based on capillary marketingin Pak Pasteurized Dairy Products Company of Guilan province in order to reduce costs and increase sales along with customer satisfaction. Several constraints are taken into account at the model.The model solving results using the epsilon constraint method, which provides a set of Pareto responses and solved by GAMS software, shows efficiency of the model to solve small-size problems. In order to evaluate the validity of model in large scale problem, with respect to NP-hardness of the problem, a multi objective water flow-like optimization (MOWFO) algorithm was expanded. For evaluation the suggested method, several problems were expanded and the efficiency of the method was compared with a multi-objective invasive weed optimization (MOIWO) algorithm based on the planned factors. For better algorithms performance, their input parameters were set using RSM technique; furthermore, in order to compare parameters statistically, the Tukey’s 95% confidence interval method was used. The results show the superiority of MOWFA compared to MOIWO algorithm in comparison indicators.}, keywords = {scheduling,staff,Supply chain,Capillary Marketing,Water Flow-Like Algorithm,Invasive Weed Algorithm}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82251.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82251_0aabc8c7d91fa911e7139d880cc006b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Kaviyani-Charati, M. and Heidarzadeh Souraki, F. and Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M.}, title = {A Robust Optimization Methodology for Multi-objective Location-transportation Problem in Disaster Response Phase under Uncertainty}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1953-1961}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper presents a multi-objective model for location-transportation problem under uncertainty that has been developed to respond to crisis. In the proposed model, humanitarian aid distribution centers (HADC), the number and location of them, the amount of relief goods stored in distribution centers, the amount of relief goods sent to the disaster zone, the number of injured people transferred to medical centers and the delivery of relief regarding the limits of capacity for transport, distribution centers and also available time and budget limits are all considered. This work aims at minimizing unfulfilled needs; that is meaning the number of people have not been transferred to medical centers. In order to take the inevitable uncertainty in some parameters into account, the primal deterministic model has been reformulated by applying the robust optimization approach. Also the performance of the both deterministic and robust models are investigated by solving a numerical example. The results of the study show that the robust counterpart of deterministic model will remain feasible with a high probability in reality.  }, keywords = {Humanitarian Aid Logistic,Location-Transportation Problems,Uncertainty,robust optimization}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82252.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82252_88db4a42bb10790783ef645844073d8a.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghassabi, G. and Kahrom, M.}, title = {Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Flat Plate Boundary Layer Distributed by a Square Cylinder: Particle Image Velocimetry and Temperature-Sensitive Paint Measurements and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1962-1971}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {The current empirical study was conducted to investigate the wall neighborhood impact on the two-dimensional flow structure and heat transfer enhancement behind a square cylinder. The low- velocity open-circle wind tunnel was used to carry out the study tests considering the cylinder diameter (D)-based Reynolds number (ReD) of 5130. The selected items to compare were different gap height (G/D= 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.8). The flow field was measured using particle image velocimetry (PIV) with high image-density camera. The PIV-derived time-averaged quantities, including the streamline pattern, streamwise velocity fluctuation intensity, and reverse-flow intermittency, were examined for the flow past the square cylinder. The measurements of PIV were decomposed with the help of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) approach that provides a proper view of the POD modes. To obtain the value of the heat transfer enhancement behind the square cylinder, the full-field temperature distributions of flat plate were measured through the temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) technique. Results showed that the maximum heat transfer enhancement was obtained at G/D=0.2 due to the high unstable flow near the wall.}, keywords = {Heat Transfer Coefficient,Reverse flow,Reattachment point,Eigenmode}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82253.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82253_62d386efe85695babd3245646e3c1ae8.pdf} } @article { author = {Patil, S. and Phalle, V.}, title = {Fault Detection of Anti-friction Bearing using Ensemble Machine Learning Methods}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1972-1981}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anti-Friction Bearing (AFB) is a very important machine component and its unscheduled failure leads to cause of malfunction in wide range of rotating machinery which results in unexpected downtime and economic loss. In this paper, ensemble machine learning techniques are demonstrated for the detection of different AFB faults. Initially, statistical features were extracted from temporal vibration signals and are collected using experimental test rig for different input parameters like load, speed and bearing conditions. These features are ranked using two techniques, namely Decision Tree (DT) and Randomized Lasso (R Lasso), which are further used to form training and testing input feature sets to machine learning techniques.  It uses three ensemble machine learning techniques for AFB fault classification namely Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC) and Extra Tree Classifier (ETC). The impact of number of ranked features and estimators have been studied for ensemble techniques. The result showed that the classification efficiency is significantly influenced by the number of features but the effect of number of estimators is minor. The demonstrated ensemble techniques give more accuracy in classification as compared to tuned SVM with same experimental input data. The highest AFB fault classification accuracy 98% is obtained with ETC and DT feature ranking.}, keywords = {Anti-friction Bearing,Ensemble Learning,Vibration Signal,fault detection}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82254.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82254_da4a66f55af98abcd7e5f13872af0b58.pdf} } @article { author = {Nosratollahi, M. and Soleymani, A. and Sadati, S. H.}, title = {Modified L1 Adaptive Control Design for Satellite FMC Systems with Actuators Time Delay}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, pages = {1982-1990}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center}, issn = {1025-2495}, eissn = {1735-9244}, doi = {}, abstract = {A modified method for satellite attitude control system in presence of novel actuators is proposed in this paper. The attitude control system is composed of three fluidic momentum controller (FMC) actuators that are used to control Euler angles and their dynamics is considered in satellite attitude equations as well. L1 adaptive control is utilized for satellite three-axial stabilization. A significant characteristic of L1 adaptive control structure is that robustness is guaranteed in presence of fast adaptation. The main achievement of this controller is that the error norm is inversely proportional to the square root of adaptation gains. Therefore, large values of gains provides some advantages. The proposed L1 adaptive control is designed based on simplified attitude dynamic equations without satellite coupling effects, and then it is placed on coupled nonlinear equations. Next, the impact of available delay on FMC actuators is investigated. Simulation results suggest that the system remains stable with the assumption of actuators time delay, but it experiences some oscillations in Euler angles, control inputs and angular velocities. In order to solve this problem, a modified L1 adaptive control system including a predictive observer with high estimation speed is used. Finally, it is recognized that the available oscillations are reduced even when the actuator time delay increases and thus the control system’s performance improves.}, keywords = {Modified L1 Adaptive Control,Time Delay,Predictive Observer,Fluidic Momentum Controller,Satellite Attitude Control System}, url = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82256.html}, eprint = {https://www.ije.ir/article_82256_b198581c63cdaec1c215384630a4b367.pdf} }